Basic 8 Science Term 1 Week 7 Lesson Plan

Revise with learners on the previous lesson.

Concrete-resource task: Set out these resources for each group: Toothbrush; Toothpaste tube; Printed photographs of healthy and decayed teeth. Learners observe and safely handle the specimens or apparatus, using them in the investigation or model below. Brainstorm learners to mention some disease of the teeth. Write learners ideas on the board and discuss with them. Drill learners for the correct pronunciation and meaning of the keywords in the lesson. There are many diseases that can affect the teeth, but the common among them includes; tooth decay, plaque and gum disease Guide learners to describe the causes of tooth decay, gum diseases and formation of plaque and the proper way of preventing tooth decay. 1. Dental caries [tooth decay] Tooth decay occurs when small holes are created in the enamel of the teeth. This is due to the accumulation of acids as a result of the action of some bacteria on sugary foods that are left on the enamel for a long time. 2. Plague It consists of a sticky film layer deposit that is made up of food remains on the teeth which has been mixed with saliva by the action of bacteria and other microorganisms.

Use peer discussion and effective questioning to find out from learners what they have learnt during the lesson.

Share learning indicators and introduce the lesson.

Concrete-resource task: Set out these resources for each group: Toothbrush; Toothpaste tube; Printed photographs of healthy and decayed teeth. Learners observe and safely handle the specimens or apparatus, using them in the investigation or model below. 3. Periodontal [gum] disease Gum disease is an advanced form of plaque occurs when bacteria causes the gum to be inflamed; i.e. to feel painful when it is touched and to also bleed frequently. Periodontal disease may also lead to bad breath and the loss of teeth if it is not treated. Guide learners to discuss how each of the tooth diseases could be treated or prevented. Treatment of Tooth Decay 1. The affected tooth can be removed in order to prevent the infection from spreading. 2. The cavities that have been created within the tooth can either be removed or filled. Treatment of Plague Plague can easily be removed by the proper brushing of the teeth using a good tooth paste and brush. Treatment of Gum disease 1. The teeth should be brushed properly in order to prevent the accumulation of bacteria or plaque. 2. The teeth should be brushed at least twice daily.

Take feedback from learners and summarize the lesson.

Revise with learners on the previous lesson. Share learning indicators and introduce the lesson.

Concrete-resource task: Set out these resources for each group: Toothbrush; Toothpaste tube; Printed photographs of healthy and decayed teeth. Learners observe and safely handle the specimens or apparatus, using them in the investigation or model below. Assessment The diagrams below are illustrations of the different types of teeth in humans. Study them carefully and use them to answer the questions that follow. i. Identify each type of teeth labeled A, B and C. ii. Describe the shape of each of the teeth labeled A, B and C. iii. State one function of each of the teeth labeled A, B and C. iv. Name the parts of the teeth labeled I and II Guide learners to discuss how to ensure a strong and a healthy teeth. 1. Brush your teeth at least two [2] times daily; i.e. in the morning and in the evening, in order to remove plaque which leads to teeth decay. 2. Avoid eating too much sugary foods 3. Avoid eating either too hot or too cold foods. 4. Change your toothbrush at least once every three months 5. Eat a balanced diet containing calcium-rich foods that support healthy teeth and bones 6. Avoid sharp pointed objects like pins, needles, knife, broom, sticks, etc. 7. Visit the dentist regularly, at least twice a year for teeth examination, advice and treatment. Using pictures and charts demonstrate to learners the proper ways of cleaning the teeth. assessment The diagram below is an illustration of a longitudinal section of a canine tooth in humans Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow I. Name each of the parts labeled I, II, III, IV and V. ii. What is the function of each of the parts labeled I and III? iii. Which of the labeled parts could be affected by tooth decay? iv. State three ways by which tooth decay may be prevented.

Use peer discussion and effective questioning to find out from learners what they have learnt during the lesson. Take feedback from learners and summarize the lesson.